The Role of inflammatory processes in airway hyperresponsiveness

The Role of inflammatory processes in airway hyperresponsiveness Download PDF EPUB FB2

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The Contribution of Inflammatory Processes to the Characteristics of Asthma. Introduction. Asthma is a complex disease involving many different inflammatory cells, cytokines and chemokines that result in structural changes, remodeling and ultimately in the signs and symptoms of asthma.

Airway hyperresponsiveness to bronchoconstrictor stimuli. AHR results in episodic bronchoconstriction and is one of the hallmark features of asthma (Currie et al ).It is defined as abnormal airway narrowing in response to a provoking by: 4.

The underlying mechanisms that mediate the pathological processes are not fully understood. Abl is a non-receptor protein tyrosine kinase that has a role in the regulation of smooth muscle contraction and smooth muscle cell proliferation in vitro.

The role of Abl in airway hyperresponsiveness and airway remodeling in vivo is largely by: Asthma is characterized by variable airflow obstruction, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and chronic airway inflammation, all of which are likely to be intertwined and interdependent.

The immune processes involved in the development of these characteristics in asthma are complex, redundant, and interactive, making it difficult to specifically. Sorry, our data provider has not provided any external links therefore we are unable to provide a link to the full text.

Asthma and COPD: Basic Mechanisms and Clinical Management provides a unique, authoritative comparison of asthma and COPD. Written and edited by the world's leading experts, it is a comprehensive review of the most recent understanding of the basic mechanisms of both conditions, specifically comparing their etiology, pathogenesis, and treatments.

Airway Hyperresponsiveness Airway Obstruction Clinical Symptoms Treatment with anti-inflammatory drugs can, to a large extent, reverse some of these processes; however, the successful response to therapy often requires weeks to achieve and, in some situations, may be incomplete (Bateman et al.

; O'Byrne and Parameswaran ). For. Role of C5 in the development of airway inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, and ongoing airway response Tao Peng,1 Liming Hao, 2 Joseph A.

Madri, Xiao Su,1 Jack A. Elias,3 Gregory L. Stahl,4 Stephen Squinto, 1 and Yi Wang 1Alexion Pharmaceuticals Inc., Cheshire, Connecticut, USA. 2Department of Pathology and 3Department of Internal Medicine. Indirect evidence obtained from allergen challenge leading to increased bronchial hyperresponsiveness during LAR, and direct evidence of inflammatory cells and their mediators in the airway mucosa.

Rationale: Allergically inflamed mice exhibit airway hyperresponsiveness to inhaled methacholine, which computer simulations of lung impedance suggest is due to enhanced lung derecruitment and which we sought to verify in the present study.

Methods: BALB/c mice were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin to induce allergic inflammation; the control mice were sensitized but. Airway hyperresponsiveness is a characteristic feature of asthma and consists of an increased sensitivity of the airways to an inhaled constrictor agonist, a steeper slope of the dose-response.

Abstract: Asthma is characterized by inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness, which results in episodic airflow obstruction. It is diagnosed once a compatible clinical history plus objective evidence of diurnal variability in peak expiratory flow or significant reversibility to inhaled bronchodilator is.

Hyperresponsiveness is a key abnormality in asthma and deserves recognition both in the clinical presentation of asthma and its pathogenesis. Available evidence strongly suggests that inflammatory processes are important in producing this aspect of disordered airway physiology.

Pharmacologic studies have greatly increased our knowledge of mechanisms involved in hyperresponsiveness but fall. The symptoms of asthma can be due to hyperresponsiveness in the near term and ultimately due to inflammation in the long term. The different phases of asthma are treated with different medications.

The short-term hyperresponsiveness generally responds to short-acting medications while the chronic inflammation is more responsive to anti.

Book Review from The New England Journal of Medicine — Book Review. The role of the inflammatory response and the consequent airway hyperresponsiveness associated with. Inflammation is broadly defined as a nonspecific protective reaction of vascularized tissues to injury. The classic clinical features of this phenomenon are related to an increase in blood flow in vessels (calor and rubor), an increase in vascular permeability (tumor), an infiltration of cells into tissue (tumor), and a release of materials at the site of inflammation leading to pain (dolor).

Asthma is a chronic disease that is characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness and airway remodeling. The underlying mechanisms that mediate the pathological processes are not fully understood. Abl is a non-receptor protein tyrosine kinase that has a role in the regulation of smooth muscle contraction and smooth muscle cell proliferation in vitro.

Role of Abl in airway hyperresponsiveness and airway remodeling Rachel A Cleary, Ruping Wang, Tao Wang and Dale D Tang* Abstract Background: Asthma is a chronic disease that is characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness and airway remodeling. The underlying mechanisms that mediate the pathological processes are not fully understood.

Abl is a. In a rat model of nose-only exposure we analyzed changes in airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), inflammatory responses in airways, expression of pro-inflammatory markers and development of lung fibrosis during a time-course from 5 h up to 90 days after a single inhalation of Cl{sub 2}.

Bronchial hyperresponsiveness (or other combinations with airway or hyperreactivity, BH used as a general abbreviation) is a state characterised by easily triggered bronchospasm (contraction of the bronchioles or small airways).

Bronchial hyperresponsiveness can be assessed with a bronchial challenge most often uses products like methacholine or histamine.Nitric oxide is an endogenously produced gas with a wide range of biological effects and has been implicated in many physiological and pathophysiological processes.

It is released by many cell types in various organs but is particularly important in the maintenance of normal lung function. Nitric.A link between airway smooth muscle (ASM) and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in asthma was first postulated in the midnineteenth century, and the suspected link has garnered ever increasing interest over the years.

AHR is characterized by excessive narrowing of airways in response to nonspecific stimuli, and it is the ASM that drives this narrowing.